Orthopedic Lexicon

Neck pain is one of the most common complaints in modern society and can affect people of all ages. It can occur both acutely and chronically and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as tension, restricted movement, and headaches. Neck pain…

Occupational therapy is a holistic and practice-oriented form of therapy that aims to help people improve or regain their ability to act in everyday life. It is used for a variety of physical, psychological, and cognitive impairments and supports…

An olecranon spur is a bony growth on the olecranon, the upper end of the ulna in the elbow area. These changes usually arise from chronic irritation or mechanical overload. The olecranon spur can cause pain and restricted movement, especially during…

Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common condition in adolescents caused by overuse of the shinbone at the site of the patellar tendon attachment. It is classified as a growth disorder (osteochondrosis) and primarily affects physically active children…

Elbow osteoarthritis, also known as cubital osteoarthritis, is a degenerative condition in which the cartilage in the elbow joint is gradually broken down. This form of osteoarthritis occurs less frequently than in joints with higher stress, such as…

Osteoarthritis of the lower ankle joint, also known as subtalar osteoarthritis, is a degenerative joint disease in which the cartilage between the talus (ankle bone) and calcaneus (heel bone) is gradually broken down. This condition primarily affects…

Osteochondrosis dissecans (OD) is a joint disease in which a cartilage-bone fragment becomes detached. It primarily affects young, physically active individuals and often occurs in the knee joint, but can also affect other joints such as the ankle,…

Paget's disease, also known as Paget's disease of bone, is a chronic bone disorder characterized by disrupted remodeling processes in bone tissue. It leads to abnormal enlargement, thickening, and weakening of the affected bone. Typical symptoms…

Eine Patellaluxation bezeichnet das Herausspringen der Kniescheibe (Patella) aus ihrer natürlichen Position im Gleitlager des Oberschenkelknochens (Femur). Diese Verletzung tritt häufig bei jungen, aktiven Menschen auf und ist meist mit starken…

A patellar dislocation refers to the dislocation of the kneecap (patella) from its natural position in the femoral groove of the thigh bone (femur). This injury often occurs in young, active individuals and is usually associated with severe pain and…

A pelvic tilt is present when the pelvis is tilted horizontally. This misalignment is often caused by a leg length discrepancy, where the lengths of the legs are different. The pelvic tilt and leg length discrepancy can lead to uneven posture, joint…

Morbus Perthes, also known as Perthes disease, is a rare disorder of the hip joint in children. It arises from a temporary interruption of the blood supply to the femoral head, which leads to the death of bone tissue (aseptic necrosis of the femoral…

Pes anserinus syndrome, also known as pes anserinus bursitis, is a painful inflammation of the bursa (bursa anserina) below the inner knee joint. It often occurs in individuals with overuse, misalignments, or overweight. Athletes, older people, or…

Physiotherapy is a therapeutic method aimed at improving and maintaining the body's movement and functional ability. Through targeted exercises, manual techniques, and physical measures, physiotherapy helps alleviate pain, heal injuries, and improve…

Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder in which the piriformis muscle, a small, pear-shaped muscle in the buttock region, irritates or compresses the sciatic nerve. This irritation leads to pain that often radiates into the buttocks and the…

Polyneuropathy is a disease of the peripheral nervous system in which multiple nerves are affected simultaneously. It can impair motor, sensory, and autonomic nerve functions, leading to a variety of symptoms such as pain, numbness, or muscle…

Post-infectious arthritis, also known as reactive arthritis, is an inflammatory joint disease that occurs as a result of an infection. It usually develops a few weeks after an infection of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, or urogenital…

Pseudogout, also known as chondrocalcinosis, is an inflammatory joint disease caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals (CPP crystals) in the joints. These crystals lead to painful inflammation, swelling, and restricted movement,…

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints that occurs in connection with the skin condition psoriasis. It can lead to pain, restricted movement, and permanent joint damage if not treated in a timely manner. The disease often…

Rheumatic diseases encompass a wide variety of chronic inflammatory, degenerative, and autoimmune conditions that can affect the joints, muscles, connective tissue, and internal organs. They are among the most common chronic diseases and can occur at…

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints but can also damage other organs. If left untreated, the disease leads to progressive joint destruction, pain, and movement restrictions. Women…

Rhizarthrosis is a degenerative disease of the thumb saddle joint, caused by the wear of the cartilage between the first metacarpal bone and the trapezium bone (Os trapezium). It is one of the most common forms of osteoarthritis in the hand and…

A rib blockage refers to a functional disorder of mobility in the area of the vertebra-rib joints or the rib cartilage, which can lead to pain and restricted breathing. It often occurs suddenly and is usually associated with a sharp pain in the chest…

A rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL rupture) is an injury to the ligament that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) to the ulna (forearm bone) in the area of the elbow joint. The UCL is crucial for the stability of the elbow, especially…

The sacroiliac joint pain, also known as SIJ pain, affects the sacroiliac joint (SIJ), which forms the connection between the sacrum and the ilium. This joint plays a central role in the transmission of force between the upper body and the legs.…

Shock wave therapy is a non-invasive treatment method in which high-energy sound waves (shock waves) are directed at the affected tissue to relieve pain and promote healing. This method is often used in orthopedics and sports medicine to treat…

Shock wave therapy is a non-invasive treatment method in which high-energy sound waves (shock waves) are directed at the affected tissue to relieve pain and promote healing. This method is often used in orthopedics and sports medicine to treat…

The sinus tarsi syndrome is a painful condition caused by inflammation or irritation of the sinus tarsi, a bony canal between the talus (ankle bone) and calcaneus (heel bone). This anatomical structure contains important ligaments, vessels, and…

Spondyloarthritis is an inflammatory disease that can affect the spine, the sacroiliac joints, and peripheral joints. It belongs to the group of spondyloarthritides, which also includes diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, and…

Spondylarthrosis is a degenerative disease of the vertebral joints (facet joints) caused by the wear and tear of cartilage and adjacent structures. It is one of the most common causes of back pain, especially in older people. As the disease…