A herniated disc (disc prolapse) occurs when the gelatinous core (nucleus pulposus) of a disc protrudes through the fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus). This condition can lead to pain, numbness, and…
Back pain is among the most common complaints in the population and can occur at any age. They range from acute, temporary pain to chronic, long-lasting complaints that can significantly affect the…
A shoulder dislocation describes the complete or partial dislocation of the shoulder joint, where the head of the upper arm (humeral head) slips out of the socket (glenoid). Due to the special…
Shoulder osteoarthritis, also known as omarthrosis, is a degenerative disease of the shoulder joint, in which the joint cartilage between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity is…
A bursitis, also called bursitis, is an inflammatory condition of a bursa, caused by irritation, overuse, or infections. Bursae are small fluid-filled cushions that lie between bones, muscles, and…
A rotator cuff tear refers to damage or a tear of the tendons in the shoulder joint that connect the muscles of the rotator cuff to the humerus. It is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain…
A tear of the supraspinatus tendon is a common injury of the rotator cuff and affects the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle, which is responsible for the abduction and stabilization of the shoulder…
A tear of the long biceps tendon is a common injury that usually occurs due to acute overload or degenerative changes. The long biceps tendon connects the biceps muscle to the shoulder and plays an…
Calcific shoulder, medically referred to as calcific tendinitis, is a condition where calcium deposits form in the tendons of the shoulder's rotator cuff. These deposits can lead to severe pain,…
Shoulder impingement syndrome, also known as subacromial impingement, is a common cause of shoulder pain and movement restrictions. It involves a mechanical narrowing of structures, such as tendons…
